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Which of the following supports the argument that customer demands for local customization are on the decline worldwide?


A) Local and indigenous industries are increasingly filling up available demand.
B) High costs of local customization are deterring companies from doing so.
C) Governments across the world are standardizing their legal procedures.
D) Customer tastes have converged worldwide.
E) Managers worldwide ignore the differences in consumer tastes and preferences.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Ford believes that by producing its small cars in Mexico they can take advantage of lower wage rates in that country.By pursuing such a strategy,Ford is most likely to realize


A) a position inside the efficiency frontier.
B) the experience curve.
C) economies of scale.
D) location economies.
E) demographic advantages.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Johnson Food Products believes that as far as its products are concerned,tastes vary worldwide and so it has to customize its product offering,marketing strategy,and business strategy to differing national conditions.Johnson Food Products' ability to increase its profitability and profit growth by expanding globally is constrained


A) by the imperative of localization.
B) by the economies of scale.
C) due to customer surplus.
D) due to the leveraging of skills developed in foreign operations.
E) due to the dispersion of individual value creation activities.

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following terms best represents the requirements that are the same all over the world,such as steel,bulk chemicals,and industrial electronics?


A) universal needs
B) efficiency frontier
C) global web
D) lateral requirements
E) supreme needs

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Firms that operate internationally are able to realize location economies by dispersing individual value creation activities to locations where they are performed most efficiently and effectively.

A) True
B) False

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For an international business,which of the following is most likely to be an outcome of protectionism and nationalism in a host-country?


A) increase in the attractiveness of location economies
B) pressure for localization of production
C) requirement of standardization of products or services
D) pressure for cost reduction
E) decrease in the significance of local responsiveness

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following strategies is most likely to be pursued by a firm when there are strong pressures for cost reductions and demands for local responsiveness are minimal?


A) domestic strategy
B) global standardization strategy
C) international strategy
D) transnational strategy
E) nationalization strategy

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following is true of a localization strategy?


A) It allows a firm to capture the cost reductions of mass-producing a standardized product.
B) It reduces duplication of functions.
C) It involves longer production runs.
D) It makes sense if the value added by customization supports higher pricing.
E) It substantially reduces local demand.

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Firms that pursue a(n) _____ strategy take products first produced for their domestic market and sell them across various markets with only minimal local customization.


A) nationalization
B) transnational
C) global standardization
D) international
E) localization

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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By using significant standardization in the use of aircrafts and by streamlining its operations,Southwest Airlines competes by offering its' flights at a lower price than the competition.According to Michael Porter,the strategy that Southwest Airlines is using is


A) low- cost.
B) differentiation.
C) value transfer.
D) efficiency frontier.
E) diversification.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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The amount of value a firm creates is measured by the difference between its costs of production and the value that consumers perceive in its products.

A) True
B) False

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Typically,the price a firm charges for a good or service is


A) less than the value placed on that good or service by the customer.
B) more than what customers assume it would be.
C) more than the market price for similar goods or services.
D) the same as the value placed on that good or service by the customer.
E) less than the lowest priced similar good or service in the market.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following is a primary activity in the operations of a firm?


A) logistics function
B) research and development
C) information systems
D) human resource function
E) company infrastructure

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following is most likely to necessitate the delegation of marketing functions to national subsidiaries?


A) differences in distribution channels
B) pressures for decreasing consumer surplus
C) lack of product customization
D) pressures for increasing economies of scale
E) pressures for increasing consumers' reservation price

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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What are the disadvantages of strategic alliances?

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Some commentators have criticized strate...

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The rate of return that a firm makes on its invested capital is referred to as


A) stakeholder return.
B) profitability.
C) profit growth.
D) process value.
E) strategic fit.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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A firm maximizes its profitability when it


A) creates products similar to the products of its competitors.
B) minimizes the value provided by its products.
C) picks a position on the efficiency frontier that is not viable.
D) strips all the value out of its product offering.
E) configures its internal operations to support the position selected by it on the efficiency frontier.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Firms that pursue a(n) _____ strategy differentiate their product offering across geographic markets to account for local differences.


A) international
B) global standardization
C) transnational
D) multidomestic
E) nationalization

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Of all the value creation activities in a firm,which of the following creates value by discovering consumer needs and communicating them back to the R&D function of the company,which can then design products that better match those needs?


A) production
B) marketing and sales
C) human resources
D) logistics
E) information systems

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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What are the sources of pressures for local responsiveness?

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Pressures for local responsiveness arise...

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